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# PostgreSQL SCALE() Function

**Summary**: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the PostgreSQL `SCALE()` function to retrieve the scale of a number.

## Introduction to the PostgreSQL SCALE() function

The scale of a number is the count of decimal digits in its fractional part. For example, the scale of `1.234` is 3 because it has three digits after the decimal point.

The `SCALE()` function allows you to determine the scale of a number.

Here's the basic syntax of the `SCALE()` function:

```sql
SCALE(numeric_value)
```

The `SCALE()` function returns an integer representing the scale of the `numeric_value`. It returns `NULL` if the `numeric_value` is `NULL`.

## PostgreSQL SCALE() function examples

Let's explore some examples of using the PostgreSQL `SCALE()` function.

### 1) Basic SCALE() function example

The following example uses the `SCALE()` function to determine the scale of the number `3.141592653589793`:

```sql
SELECT SCALE(3.141592653589793);
```

Output:

```text
 scale
-------
    15
(1 row)
```

It returns 15 indicating that there are 15 digits after the decimal point.

### 2) Using the SCALE() table to examine table data

First, [create a table](../postgresql-tutorial/postgresql-create-table) called `product_prices` to store product prices with various scales:

```sql
CREATE TABLE product_prices (
    product_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
    product_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    price NUMERIC NOT NULL
);
```

Second, [insert some data](../postgresql-tutorial/postgresql-insert-multiple-rows) into the table:

```sql
INSERT INTO product_prices (product_name, price)
VALUES
    ('T-Shirt', 10.123),
    ('Jeans', 20.5678),
    ('Sneakers', 30.45),
    ('Backpack', 40.12345),
    ('Watch', 50.6789),
    ('Sunglasses', 60.1),
    ('Headphones', 70.23456),
    ('Smartphone', 80.123),
    ('Laptop', 90.5),
    ('Camera', 100.1234)
RETURNING *;
```

Output:

```text
 product_id | product_name |  price
------------+--------------+----------
          1 | T-Shirt      |   10.123
          2 | Jeans        |  20.5678
          3 | Sneakers     |    30.45
          4 | Backpack     | 40.12345
          5 | Watch        |  50.6789
          6 | Sunglasses   |     60.1
          7 | Headphones   | 70.23456
          8 | Smartphone   |   80.123
          9 | Laptop       |     90.5
         10 | Camera       | 100.1234
(10 rows)
```

Third, group the product prices by scales using the `SCALE()` function:

```sql
SELECT
  scale(price) AS price_scale,
  COUNT(*) AS count_of_products
FROM
  product_prices
GROUP BY
  price_scale
ORDER BY
  price_scale;
```

Output:

```text
 price_scale | count_of_products
-------------+-------------------
           1 |                 2
           2 |                 1
           3 |                 2
           4 |                 3
           5 |                 2
(5 rows)
```

By understanding the scales of prices, you can identify the diverse decimal precisions and take appropriate action to standardize them.

## Summary

- Use the `SCALE()` function to retrieve the scale of a number.

---

## Related docs (Math Functions)

- [ABS](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-abs)
- [CBRT](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-cbrt)
- [CEIL](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-ceil)
- [DEGREES](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-degrees)
- [DIV](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-div)
- [EXP](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-exp)
- [FACTORIAL](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-factorial)
- [FLOOR](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-floor)
- [GCD](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-gcd)
- [LCM](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-lcm)
- [LN](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-ln)
- [LOG](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-log)
- [MOD](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-mod)
- [MIN_SCALE](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-min_scale)
- [PI](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-pi-function)
- [POWER](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-power)
- [RADIANS](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-radians)
- [RANDOM](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-random)
- [ROUND](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-round)
- [SIGN](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-sign)
- [SQRT](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-sqrt)
- [TRIM_SCALE](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-trim_scale)
- [TRUNC](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-trunc)
- [WIDTH_BUCKET](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-math-functions/postgresql-width_bucket)