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# PostgreSQL jsonb_pretty() Function

**Summary**: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the PostgreSQL `jsonb_pretty()` function to convert a JSON value to a human-readable, indented format.

## Introduction to the PostgreSQL jsonb_pretty() function

The `jsonb_pretty()` function allows you to convert a given [JSONB](../postgresql-tutorial/postgresql-json) value to a human-readable, indented format.

Here's the basic syntax of the `jsonb_pretty()` function:

```sql
jsonb_pretty(jsonb_value)
```

In this syntax:

- `jsonb_value` is a JSONB value that you want to convert.

The `jsonb_pretty()` function returns a text that is the human-readable and indented format of the input JSONB value.

## PostgreSQL jsonb_pretty() function examples

Let's explore some examples of using the `jsonb_pretty()` function.

### 1) Basic PostgreSQL jsonb_pretty() function example

The following example uses the `jsonb_pretty()` function to format a JSONB value:

```sql
SELECT
  jsonb_pretty(
    '{"id": 1, "name": {"first": "John", "last": "Doe"}, "age": 30}'
  );
```

Output:

```text
      jsonb_pretty
-------------------------
 {                      +
     "id": 1,           +
     "age": 30,         +
     "name": {          +
         "last": "Doe", +
         "first": "John"+
     }                  +
 }
(1 row)
```

### 2) Using PostgreSQL jsonb_pretty() function with table data

First, create a new table called recipes:

```sql
CREATE TABLE recipes (
    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
    name TEXT NOT NULL,
    details JSONB
);
```

Second, insert some rows into the recipes table:

```sql
INSERT INTO recipes (name, details)
VALUES
    (
        'Spaghetti Carbonara',
        '{"preparation_time": "30 minutes",
          "ingredients": ["spaghetti", "eggs", "bacon", "parmesan cheese", "black pepper"],
          "difficulty": "Medium"}'
    ),
    (
        'Chicken Tikka Masala',
        '{"preparation_time": "45 minutes",
          "ingredients": ["chicken", "tomatoes", "onions", "yogurt", "spices"],
          "difficulty": "Medium-High"}'
    ),
    (
        'Vegetable Stir Fry',
        '{"preparation_time": "20 minutes",
          "ingredients": ["mixed vegetables", "soy sauce", "garlic", "ginger", "sesame oil"],
          "difficulty": "Easy"}'
    );
```

Third, format the JSONB data in the details column:

```sql
SELECT
  name,
  jsonb_pretty(details)
FROM
  recipes;
```

Output:

```
         name         |             jsonb_pretty
----------------------+--------------------------------------
 Spaghetti Carbonara  | {                                   +
                      |     "difficulty": "Medium",         +
                      |     "ingredients": [                +
                      |         "spaghetti",                +
                      |         "eggs",                     +
                      |         "bacon",                    +
                      |         "parmesan cheese",          +
                      |         "black pepper"              +
                      |     ],                              +
                      |     "preparation_time": "30 minutes"+
                      | }
 Chicken Tikka Masala | {                                   +
                      |     "difficulty": "Medium-High",    +
                      |     "ingredients": [                +
                      |         "chicken",                  +
                      |         "tomatoes",                 +
                      |         "onions",                   +
                      |         "yogurt",                   +
                      |         "spices"                    +
                      |     ],                              +
                      |     "preparation_time": "45 minutes"+
                      | }
 Vegetable Stir Fry   | {                                   +
                      |     "difficulty": "Easy",           +
                      |     "ingredients": [                +
                      |         "mixed vegetables",         +
                      |         "soy sauce",                +
                      |         "garlic",                   +
                      |         "ginger",                   +
                      |         "sesame oil"                +
                      |     ],                              +
                      |     "preparation_time": "20 minutes"+
                      | }
(3 rows)
```

## Summary

- Use the `jsonb_pretty()` function to convert a JSON value to pretty-printed, indented text.

---

## Related docs (JSON Functions)

- [Extracting JSON Data](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-json-extract)
- [JSONB Operators](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb-operators)
- [jsonb_agg](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_agg)
- [jsonb_array_elements](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_array_elements)
- [jsonb_array_elements_text](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_array_elements_text)
- [jsonb_array_length](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_array_length)
- [jsonb_build_array](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_build_array)
- [jsonb_build_object](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_build_object)
- [jsonb_each](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_each)
- [jsonb_each_text](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_each_text)
- [jsonb_extract_path](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_extract_path)
- [jsonb_extract_path_text](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_extract_path_text)
- [jsonb_insert](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_insert)
- [jsonb_object](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_object)
- [jsonb_object_agg](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_object_agg)
- [jsonb_object_keys](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_object_keys)
- [JSON Path](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-json-path)
- [jsonb_path_exists](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_path_exists)
- [jsonb_path_query](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_path_query)
- [jsonb_path_query_array](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_path_query_array)
- [jsonb_path_query_first](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_path_query_first)
- [jsonb_set](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_set)
- [jsonb_strip_nulls](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_strip_nulls)
- [jsonb_to_record](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_to_record)
- [jsonb_populate_record](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_populate_record)
- [jsonb_populate_recordset](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_populate_recordset)
- [jsonb_typeof](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-jsonb_typeof)
- [row_to_json](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-row_to_json)
- [to_jsonb](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-json-functions/postgresql-to_jsonb)