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# PostgreSQL AT TIME ZONE Operator

**Summary**: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the PostgreSQL `AT TIME ZONE` operator to convert a timestamp or a timestamp with time zone to a different time zone.

## Introduction to the PostgreSQL AT TIME ZONE operator

In PostgreSQL, the `AT TIME ZONE` is an operator that allows you to convert a [timestamp](../postgresql-tutorial/postgresql-timestamp) or a timestamp with time zone to a different time zone.

The `AT TIME ZONE` operator can be useful when you want to perform timezone conversions within your SQL queries.

Here's the syntax of the `AT TIME ZONE` operator:

```sql
timestamp_expression AT TIME ZONE target_timezone
```

In this syntax:

- timestamp_expression is a timestamp or timestamp with time zone value that you want to convert.
- target_timezone is the target time zone to which you want to convert. This can be either a time zone name or an expression that evaluates to a time zone name.

The `AT TIME ZONE` operator always returns a value of type `TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE`.

## PostgreSQL AT TIME ZONE operator examples

Let's explore some examples of using the `AT TIME ZONE` operator. It is assumed that the server's time zone is `'America/Los_Angeles'`.

If you want to have consistent results like the following examples, you can set the PostgreSQL server's timezone to `'America/Los_Angeles'` by executing the following statement in any PostgreSQL client (such as pgAdmin or psql):

```sql
set timezone to 'America/Los_Angeles'
```

Once you execute the command, you can verify it by showing the current timezone:

```sql
show timezone;
```

Output:

```text
      TimeZone
---------------------
 America/Los_Angeles
(1 row)
```

### 1) Basic AT TIME ZONE operator example

The following example uses the `AT TIME ZONE` operator to convert a timestamp to Coordinated Universal time (UTC):

```sql
SELECT TIMESTAMP '2024-03-21 10:00:00' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC';
```

Output:

```
        timezone
------------------------
 2024-03-21 03:00:00-07
(1 row)
```

### 2) Converting timestamp with time zone

The following example uses the `AT TIME ZONE` operator to convert a timestamp with time zone to UTC:

```sql
SELECT TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE '2024-03-21 10:00:00-04' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC';
```

Output:

```text
      timezone
---------------------
 2024-03-21 14:00:00
(1 row)
```

### 3) Using the AT TIME ZONE operator with time zone abbreviation

The following query uses the `AT TIME ZONE` operator to convert a timestamp to Pacific Standard Time (PST) from the default time zone:

```sql
SELECT TIMESTAMP '2024-03-21 10:00:00' AT TIME ZONE 'PST';
```

Output:

```text
        timezone
------------------------
 2024-03-21 11:00:00-07
(1 row)
```

### 4) Converting a timestamp using a time zone offset

The following example uses the `AT TIME ZONE` operator to convert a timestamp using a time zone offset:

```sql
SELECT TIMESTAMP '2024-03-21 10:00:00' AT TIME ZONE '-08:00';
```

Output:

```text
        timezone
------------------------
 2024-03-20 19:00:00-07
(1 row)
```

### 5) Converting a timestamp using named time zones

The following example uses the `AT TIME ZONE` operator to convert a timestamp using a named time zone:

```sql
SELECT TIMESTAMP '2024-03-21 10:00:00' AT TIME ZONE 'America/New_York';
```

Output:

```
        timezone
------------------------
 2024-03-21 07:00:00-07
(1 row)
```

Please note that PostgreSQL uses the [IANA time zone database](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones) for time zone information.

## Summary

- Use the `AT TIME ZONE` operator to convert a timestamp to a different time zone.

---

## Related docs (Date Functions)

- [AGE](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-age)
- [CLOCK_TIMESTAMP](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-clock_timestamp)
- [CURRENT_DATE](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-current_date)
- [CURRENT_TIME](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-current_time)
- [CURRENT_TIMESTAMP](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-current_timestamp)
- [DATE_PART](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-date_part)
- [DATE_TRUNC](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-date_trunc)
- [EXTRACT](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-extract)
- [ISFINITE](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-isfinite)
- [JUSTIFY_DAYS](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-justify_days)
- [JUSTIFY_HOURS](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-justify_hours)
- [JUSTIFY_INTERVAL](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-justify_interval)
- [LOCALTIME](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-localtime)
- [LOCALTIMESTAMP](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-localtimestamp)
- [MAKE_DATE](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-make_date)
- [MAKE_INTERVAL](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-make_interval)
- [MAKE_TIME](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-make_time)
- [NOW](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-now)
- [PG_SLEEP](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-pg_sleep)
- [STATEMENT_TIMESTAMP](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-statement_timestamp)
- [TIMEOFDAY](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-timeofday)
- [TO_DATE](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-to_date)
- [TO_TIMESTAMP](https://neon.com/postgresql/postgresql-date-functions/postgresql-to_timestamp)